Glossary of I/O Commands
Survey of 'Avise 4.3' Commands sorted by Themes
(Status 12 February 2006)
Arithmetic and compare operators:
| + | Addition of two arguments |
| INK | The top element of the data stack(TOS) is incremented |
| - (minus) | Subtraction of two arguments |
| DEK | The top element of the data stack(TOS) is decremented |
| * | Multiplication |
| / | Division |
| MOD | return modulo (remainder of division) |
| */ | scaling operation: multiply first, then divide. |
| */MOD | scaling operation: multiply first, then divide. Return quotient and remainder |
| AND | Bitwise logical AND of two arguments |
| OR | Bitwise logical OR of two arguments |
| XOR | Bitwise logical EXCLUSIVE OR of two arguments |
| NOT | Bitwise one's complement |
| ABS | transform to absolute value |
| CARRY | Highlevel carry flag to calculate results with double precision |
| << | Shift left operator |
| >> | Shift right operator |
| ROL | Rotate left operator |
| ROR | Rotate right operator |
| = | Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if both are equal |
| <> | Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if both are UNequal |
| Ø= | logical complement of one argument: result=1(TRUE), if argument equal 0(FALSE) result=0(FALSE), if argument UNequal 0(TRUE) |
| > | Signed Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if left one greater than right one |
| U> | UNsigned Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if left one greater than right one |
| >= | Signed Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if left one greater or equal right one |
| < | Signed Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if left one less than right one |
| U< | UNsigned Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if left one less than right one |
| <= | Signed Compare of two arguments: result=1(TRUE), if left one less or equal right one |
| ACHECK | compare data word (16bit integer) with reference. If unequal: update reference and set flag |
| BCHECK | compare boolean data word (equal or unequal 0) with reference. If unequal: update reference and set flag |
Communication via RS-232 command interface:
| KEY | get next byte from RS-232 (wait loop) |
| KEY? | check if a byte is in the RS-232 receive buffer - if is, then get it |
| EMIT | send (raw) byte via RS-232 |
| . | send number ASCII formatted via RS-232 (active number base) |
| .$ | send number ASCII formatted via RS-232 (as hex number) |
| ." | send string via RS-232 |
| & | set number base to decimal (enter HEX numbers with $..) |
| $ | set number base to HEXAdecimal (without $..) |
Read from and write to memory:
| RD | Read variable (general: read data word from RAM address) |
| RB | Read byte from RAM address lesen |
| WR | Write to variable address (general: write data word to address) |
| WB | Write byte to RAM address |
| BSET | Set one bit of a variable (general: set one bit of a data word in RAM) |
| BCLR | Clear one bit of a variable (general: clear one bit of a data word in RAM) |
| BTST | Read one bit of a variable (general: read one bit of a data word in RAM) |
| ERB | Read byte from CPU internal EEPROM |
| EWB | Write byte into CPU internal EEPROM |
Structuring of program flow:
| IF | if argument = TRUE, execute subsequent block of statements, else skip itece |
| ELSE | Execute subsequent block of statements if argument of preceeding IF is FALSE |
| ENDIF | Terminates an IF... (ELSE...)ENDIF structure |
| REPEAT | Starts a REPEAT...UNTIL loop |
| UNTIL | Terminates a REPEAT...UNTIL loop if argument = TRUE |
| FOR | Enter a counted program loop |
| NEXT | End of counted program loop |
| LEAVE | leave FOR...NEXT loop, continue execution behind |
System management:
| MS | Starts a timer, which counts down to zero during the time (in milliseconds) given in the parameter |
| TIME | returns the actual value of the milliseconds timer (informative) |
| WAIT | Idles in a loop, until the milliseconds timer is down to zero (delay function) |
| EXIT | jumps from a user programmed function into the upper next subroutine nesting level |
| ABORT | Performs a warm start (actual operations are cancelled, scratch memories are reset, variables and other parameters are preserved |
| INIT | Performs a cold start (equivalent to reset or power on) |
Special postfix operators:
| DROP | Deletes the top element from the data stack and the second one becomes top |
| DUP | Duplicates the top of the stack |
| OVER | Copies the second element of the data stack over the top of the stack, so the copy becomes new top of the stack |
| SWAP | Exchanges the two top elements of the data stack |
| DSWAP | Exchanges the 1st and 2nd element of the data stack with the 3rd and 4th ones |
| ROT | rotates the 3 uppermost elements of the data stack: the previous top and second element are rotated down, the previous 3rd element becomes top |
| -ROT | rotates the 3 uppermost elements of the data stack: the previous 2nd and 3rd element are rotated up, the previous top becomes 3rd. |
Debug and programming support:
| .S | shows the actual content of the stack and the 6 first declared VARiables |
| MEM | shows the amount of memory which is still available for user programs |
| BREAK | Places a breakpoint into a user function |
| DEBUG | Execute program in debug mode: When the next breakpoint is reached, execution is halted and .S is displayed. |
| OPS | Prints (sends ASCII text via RS-232) a list containing all system operators as well as all user prorammed functions |
| SEE | Debugger: prints (sends ASCII text via RS-232) the list of all tokens of a user programmed function |
| SEETEMP | Debugger: immediately after a compiler failure prints (sends ASCII text via RS-232) the fragments of the partially compiled function |
| FORGET | Deletes user programmed functions, variables and constants |
| { | Head of a comment: ignores all console input until the delimiting } or until the end of the current text line |
| AUTOEXE | Activates permanently, if any and which function shall be executed automatically after power on |
Compiler:
| : (colon) | Starts compilation of a user function |
| RET | Finishes the compilation of a user function. At runtime of this function the execution of the RETURN operator is included |
| CONST | declares a constant with user defined name and assigns a value to it |
| VAR | declares a global variable (always 16bit integer) and initialises it with value zero |
Internal operators, for debug information only:
| DOLIT | Runtime primitive which returns the subsequently compiled number value |
| GO | Runtime primitive which always executes a jump to the subsequently compiled code address (complied by ELSE) |
| IFNOTGO | Runtime primitive which conditionally executes a jump to the subsequently compiled code address, if the checked parameter is FALSE (block of statements following IF is skipped) |
| DOFOR | Runtime primitive which initializes a FOR...NEXT loop |
| DONEXT | Runtime primitive which counts up/down the loop counter in a FOR...NEXT loop and terminates the loop when count is finished. |
| DOSTR | Runtime primitive which sends a precompiled string via serial interface. |
I/O commands
| IP | Configure digital I/O as input with pull-up resistor |
| IZ | Configure digital I/O as input with high impedance |
| OH | Configure digital I/O as output with high level |
| OL | Configure digital I/O as output with low level |
| RIO | Poll and return the logical level of one digital I/O |
| WPORT | Write TOS to I/O port register |
| WDDR | Write TOS to I/O port data direction register |
| RPIN | Read I/O port input register to TOS |
| AIN | Poll and return analog input |
| CNTØ | Read and return pulse counter at INT0 |
| ENCØ | Read and return encoder counter at INT0 |
| CØZ | Reset counter at INT0 |
| CNT1 | Read and return pulse counter at INT1 |
| ENC1 | Read and return encoder counter at INT1 |
| C1Z | Reset counter at INT1 |
| WAVE | Set the total period of the frequency generator and start it |
| WAVEHI | Set the high phase of the frequency generator |
| PWM1 | Set the high phase of the pulse width modulator PWM1A and start it |
| PWM2 | Set the high phase of the pulse width modulator PWM2 and start it |
| ISTART | Send the I2C START command |
| ISTOP | Send the I2C STOP command |
| IACK | Perform I2C acknowledge, trigger an I2C slave to confirm data reception |
| IMACK | Perform I2C master acknowledge and trigger an I2C slave to send another data byte |
| ISEND | Primitive to send a data byte to an I2C slave |
| IRECV | Primitive to receive a data byte from an I2C slave |